What is the ternary operator and how is it used?

TL;DR

The ternary operator is a shorthand for an if-else statement in JavaScript. It takes three operands: a condition, a result for true, and a result for false. The syntax is condition ? expr1 : expr2. For example, let result = (a > b) ? 'a is greater' : 'b is greater'; assigns 'a is greater' to result if a is greater than b, otherwise it assigns 'b is greater'.

Introduction

The ternary operator, also known as the conditional operator, is a concise way to perform conditional evaluations in JavaScript. It is the only operator in JavaScript that takes three operands.

Syntax

The syntax for the ternary operator is:

condition ? expr1 : expr2;

condition: An expression that evaluates to true or false
expr1: An expression that is executed if the condition is true
expr2: An expression that is executed if the condition is false

Example usage

Here is a basic example of the ternary operator:

let age = 18;
let canVote = age >= 18 ? 'Yes' : 'No';
console.log(canVote); // Output: Yes

In this example, the condition age >= 18 is evaluated. If it is true, the string 'Yes' is assigned to canVote. If it is false, the string 'No' is assigned to canVote.

Nested ternary operators

You can also nest ternary operators, although it can make the code harder to read:

let score = 85;
let grade =
  score >= 90
    ? 'A'
    : score >= 80
      ? 'B'
      : score >= 70
        ? 'C'
        : score >= 60
          ? 'D'
          : 'F';
console.log(grade); // Output: B

In this example, the ternary operator is used to assign a grade based on the value of score.

Use cases

Simple conditional assignments: When you need to assign a value based on a condition.
Inline conditional rendering: Useful in JSX for conditional rendering in React.

Best practices

Readability: While the ternary operator can make code more concise, overusing it or nesting it too deeply can make the code hard to read. Use it judiciously.
Complex conditions: For complex conditions, consider using if-else statements for better readability.

What is the ternary operator and how is it used?

TL;DR